Betrayal pdf download

English's Savage City comes Busted, the shocking true story of the biggest police corruption scandal in Philadelphia history, a tale of drugs, power, and abuse involving a rogue narcotics squad, a confidential informant, and two veteran journalists whose reporting drove a full-scale FBI probe, rocked the City of Brotherly Love, and earned a Pulitzer Prize.

In , Benny Martinez became a Confidential Informant for a member of the Philadelphia Police Department's narcotics squad, helping arrest nearly drug and gun dealers over seven years. But that success masked a dark and dangerous reality: the cops were as corrupt as the criminals they targeted. In addition to fabricating busts, the squad systematically looted mom-and-pop stores, terrorizing hardworking immigrant owners.

One squad member also sexually assaulted three women during raids. Busted chronicles how these two journalists—both middle-class working mothers—formed an unlikely bond with a convicted street dealer to uncover the secrets of ruthless kingpins and dirty cops. Professionals in an industry shrinking from severe financial cutbacks, Ruderman and Laker had few resources—besides their own grit and tenacity—to break a dangerous, complex story that would expose the rotten underbelly of a modern American city and earn them a Pulitzer Prize.

A page-turning thriller based on superb reportage, illustrated with eight pages of photos, Busted is modern true crime at its finest. Betrayal in the city Author : Francis D. Through nuanced translations of four Urdu narratives spanning the period of turmoil that led to the Revolt of , and culminated in the fall of the Mughal Empire, this compelling volume reveals the tragic and affecting story of a royalty in decline. Vividly documenting the twilight years of not just a historical era but also an entire way of life, these first-hand accounts — gleaned from princes and paupers alike — provide rare insight into how the royals and their subjects experienced life on either side of the cataclysm.

Tales of suffering describe the perfidy of the British and the plight of the last royals as they are disbanded and pushed into dire poverty; livelier accounts of fealty and treachery detail palace intrigues; and nostalgic reminiscences recreate the days of past glory and communal comity — of feasting and festivals, and shared faith and devotion.

Starting in the heart of Nashville, Tennessee, Betrayal in the City is the beginning of an urban soap opera, chronicling the lives of successful airport owners-Karter and Khristian Taylor.

On the outside looking in, Karter appears to have it all. He's married to his high school sweetheart Savannah and has two young sons He gained Royden B. Betrayal is the second installment of the post-apocalyptic and dystopian thrill ride of the Society Lost Press the button start search and wait a little while. Please do not reload the page during the search. A typical file search time is about seconds. Betrayal is the second installment of the post-apocalyptic and dystopian thrill ride of the Society Lost Series!

Still suffering tremendously from his tragic loss, Jessie walked the Earth a prisoner of his own thoughts. Armed with his trusty old Colt Single Action Army pistol and an AR platform rifle, Jessie was ready for whatever violence that may come his way. Although each of his days had a purpose, continuing on his quest that may or may not end before his death, Jessie felt a certain level of emotional numbness that only being alone could provide him.

Jessie found solitude in his empty heart—solitude that he felt he desperately needed—but not a day went by when he didn't think back to those who he had encountered along the way. Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link. Need an account? Click here to sign up. Download Free PDF. Paul Maxwell. A short summary of this paper. Trauma theory studies and treats the covenant devastating consequences of tragedy, whereas Reformed theol- ogy has a reputation for protecting particularly strong God- concepts no matter the psychological toll it takes.

Yet, if the two fields of inquiry and their respective knowledge bases are placed into charitable conversation, prompted even to reform one another, then vistas of mutual reinforcement emerge which have not previously been significantly highlighted.

This is accomplished through identifying common elements in betrayal trauma theory and the theological notion of covenant, which consequently supply practical pastoral reflection on care for the traumatized with homogenous strategies for healing. My companion laid hands on a friend and violated a covenant with me with speech smoother than butter, but with a heart set on war; with words that were softer than oil, but in fact were drawn swords.

These sorts of dictums are intuitively Western. Maxwell paulcmaxwell gmail. Of course, many would insist otherwise. Nonetheless, even these theologians vehemently deny that the capacity for love of God and neighbor is wholly vulnerable to interpersonal harm.

Beste, , p. As we will see in later chapters, many incest survivors, for instance, experience difficulty having faith in and trusting God. How would such theologians interpret these experiences?

This article seeks to begin a conversation that integrates Reformed theology i. Tensions could be listed at length.

There is therefore a clear need to demonstrate the value or lack thereof of Reformed theology for trauma theory. This is, in fact, the task of this article. The point here, rather, is to recognize the profound tension that exists between the ideological interests of Reformed theology and the therapeutic needs of CSA survivors.

The aca- demic need is for Reformed theologians and trauma theorists to open a forum of dialogue in which they can conscript helpful aspects of the other discipline. The goal in this article is to provide one reality that is valuable to both Reformed theology and CSA trauma theory: covenant. The purpose of laying this foundation is to make interdisciplinary space for historically competing enterprises to undertake an ecumenical task for the sake of wellbeing of CSA survivors who find themselves in Reformed contexts.

While this article does seek to make methodolo- gical developments in the interdisciplinary task of integrating trauma theory and theology in a general sense, its main purpose is to highlight a granular intersection of that task: the mutual fortification of betrayal trauma theory BTT as an approach to understanding CSA and the resources of Reformed theology, commonly and understandably thought to be more dangerous than helpful for trauma survivors.

MAXWELL Exploring the intersection of trauma theory and reformed theology In Reformed theology, creation precedes devastation; the goodness of the created world supplies the structures that make sense of the brokenness introduced by the fall of humanity into sin. John Calvin would hardly disagree Sewell, The question is: What work can Reformed theology do for us in under- standing the effects of sexual betrayal?

In this section, we will seek to answer that question by introducing a BTT as a unique relationally oriented theory of CSA and its effects, and b the Reformed covenant concept as that theological reality which makes sense of the data behind BTT. In order to understand what value BTT might add to Reformed theology, and vice versa, it is important to gain an informed understanding of each.

The following two sections provide insight into each with an eye to the other. This definition regulates the distinction between incidental betrayal and intentional betrayal—in which intention is removed as the primary criterion for assessing whether betrayal has occurred.

In other words, betrayal is measured not by felt harm, but by actual harm on a side note, in this case, forgiveness of betrayal is not a decision not to feel harmed, but a decision to absolve punishment for harm which should be felt.

It will come as no surprise that trauma theorists of all stripes are beginning to utilize the concept of betrayal as a powerful organizing principle for understanding the nature and effects of CSA. Psychoanalyst Richard Gartner explained, Put simply, betrayal is the violation of implicit or explicit trust. It is by definition an interpersonal experience.

The betrayed individual feels jagged, awry, fractured, recklessly hurt. Gartner, , p. Gartner represents a contingent within the psychoanalytic tradition who essentially reject the notion that CSA victims face a collection of cognitive and somatoform sequelae.

This is, put reductio- nistically, the BTT approach. The psychoanalytic tradition has a poor history of dealing with CSA, because after Freud abandoned his theory that all neuroses were a product of CSA in i. The logic of the traumatic sequelae, defined according to BTT, is that the essential pillars of healthy childhood development are a powerful attach- ment system that conducts survival in childhood, as well as b the constant need to make social contracts with others in order to meet needs.

For example, Lindblom and Gray analyzed data from 89 surveyed undergraduate psychology students, and found that relationship closeness was not significantly asso- ciated with a lack of trauma memory detail, whereas BTT would suggest that there should be a significant association between these two factors if betrayal explains the trauma phenomenon.

Proponents of BTT would likely reply to Lindblom and Gray in this way: BTT operates much more accurately—as an explanatory theory—when dealing with childhood sexual betrayal in parti- cular rather than for trauma theory in general , since a attachment is much less regulated in instances of sexual betrayal than in general instances of trauma, b the social contracts between child-and-adult are far less negoti- able in childhood sexual trauma than it is in adult-to-adult trauma, and c the reward for symptom-causing suppression of sexual betrayal is increased exponentially for a child, whose immediate benefits for forgetting the viola- tion can be as vital as food and shelter.

Nevertheless, it is in this regard that the psychoanalytic approach is uniquely competent. Most modern psychology is built on the foundation of logical positivism, which basically assumes that metaphysical reflection carries no direct or repeatable benefit for diagnosing or treating trauma Koch, However, psychoanalysis is built on the premise that human experience is inherently a result of its metaphysical psychodynamic operations.

Thus, trauma is explained more by principle than perception. When relational capacities are overpowered, so too are personal capacities. They remain overwhelmed by the event, defeated and terrified. To understand the nature and effects of betrayal—moreover, sexual betrayal—it is first necessary to cast those realities in the light of covenant, because covenant in Reformed theology is the reality that makes sense of the function and dysfunction of human sexuality and dynamics.

It is here that theological categories can help—on those fundamental questions of belief—particularly, the category of covenant. According to the perspective of Reformed theology, personhood is inher- ently relational, because it is inherently covenantal.

For humans, that covenant is mediated by the concept of the image of God Gen. Meredith G. Reformed theologians have cast all of human history in terms of two covenants that God makes with humanity, each with a single human representative—one with the first Adam in Genesis 1—3, and the second with Jesus Christ: For in the former, God as Creator demands perfect obedience from innocent man with the promise of life and eternal happiness; but in the latter, God as Father promises salvation in Christ to the fallen man under the condition of faith.

The former rests upon the work of man; the latter upon the grace of God alone. At a conceptual level, we can perceive a profound overlap between the concerns of CSA trauma theory and theology two disciplines almost never in conversation in these central categories of betrayal and covenant—betrayal organizing the diverse realities accounted for by trauma theory, and covenant doing the same in theology, both referencing a binding relational reality with an eye toward its effects.

Yet, the import of the covenant concept for trauma theory should not be oversold or misunderstood. The covenant concept is not a collection of blessings dangled before a victim trying to recover form CSA trauma, nor the engine that drives healing, but the landscape on which devastation or restoration—blessing or cursing—occurs. Walter Brueggemann suggested, [F]aith that must resort to the most erotic imagery to speak about a covenantal relationship that operates at the deepest levels of trust and intimacy is useful indeed … the outcome of such usage is a relationship glorious in its intimacy and costly in its brokenness.

The Bible understands that sexuality is the ultimate arena of cost and joy. Brueggemann, , p. Covenant, understood as the substratum of relational systems and their dysfunctions, supplies the betrayal concept with its presupposed expectations so that in exploring sexual trauma through the schema of covenantal betrayal, theological concerns are operationalized, and psychological goals are likewise pursued.

It is therefore no surprise that some psychologists speak of betrayal in covenantal terms: [Betrayal is] a violation not only of trust and of the other, but of the sanctity of intimate relationships. The covenant concept, then, is the theological and metaphysical reality that makes sense of the data that constitutes trauma theory.

Effects of the covenantal betrayal of childhood sexual abuse BTT highlights the centrality of relationality to CSA trauma, and covenant provides the metaphysical substructure that explains why relationality is the central explanatory metaphor for the event and consequences of CSA.

The brokenness that occurs in childhood sexual betrayal is a perpetrator breaking their covenant obligations toward the child, which God has issued about their relationship.

By examining the effects of CSA on personhood—conceiving survivors as those who have not merely been violated, but as those who have been covenantally betrayed—the theo- logical nature of relationality, as well as the centrality of relationality to trauma, become all the more clear. By tracing these fundamental effects of trauma on the person, we supply the basic tools required for envisioning how Reformed engagement with trauma theory should be directed and challenged.

Effects of abuse on personhood In the event of CSA, capacities of personhood are disrupted and the opera- tional components of individuality are rendered malfunctional.

Total dissociation from the deep structures of the self is an unpar- alleled psychic catastrophe, since one loses contact with the core of the self, which is the greater meaning. If individuals are cut off from this deep structure, they are unable to attribute meaning to experience.

Modell, , p. Is it any wonder, then, that those who suffer from identity-critical psychiatric diagnoses i. Why, among these statistics, are identity disorders so high among those who have been victims of CSA?

Likely because, unlike other forms of trauma, the victim cannot escape the scene of their own violation—their very own bodies.

Because their malfunctioning personhood evidences a dissolving of their self into bald individuality, nearly every act of relating—the functional constitution of their personhood—is a bitter monument to their abuse. Without therapy they will, by virtue of their irrevocable experience of sexuality, as engendered image bearers of God, experience and re- experience the trauma of the event and its effects until they are helped.

The very process of recovery may be labeled: A search for self. Survivors often feel self-loathing. They view themselves as unclean and dirty, as valueless and inadequate, as defective and flawed. Gould, , p. Dissociation is the disconnecting of one set of mental contents from another set. In the context of CSA, dissociation functions as a defense mechanism in order to protect oneself from trauma.

Dissociation, then, can have measurable psychological effects. It fosters the development of abnormal states of consciousness in which the ordinary relations of body and mind, reality and imagination, knowledge and memory, no longer hold.

Now, one can immediately see, on the basis of a Reformed relational i. The psychological ramifications of sexual abuse include loss of trust, fear, anxiety, uncontrollable crying, numbness, dissociation, and other negative emotional seque- lae. Relational problems that can later result include difficulty maintaining proper emotional and physical boundaries that can later result in difficulty maintaining proper emotional and physical boundaries with others and fear of relational vulnerability.

Judith Herman commented: Trauma impels people both to withdraw from close relationships and to seek them desperately. The profound disruption in basic trust, the common feelings of shame, guilt, and inferiority, and the need to avoid reminders of the trauma that might be found in social life, all foster withdrawal from close relationships. Their job is to teach these people how to live within the emotional regulated space of choice and repair. Drawing on their private practice; reconstruction experiences and the research of Patrick Carnes, Dan Siegel, Sharon Stanley and others, Kent and Michelle have developed a process of repair and renegotiation of the past, and a harmonious way to respond to the present.

With the SomEx model change happens through 5 simple actions that evolve through the therapeutic relationship. For therapist and client alike, Emotional Harmony is the first book to merge the science of somatic therapies with the real-world applications of experiential healing.

Mari is the founder of Growth Counseling Services, a counseling and recovery center in Southern California specializing in working with sex and porn addicts, and partner and spouse betrayal trauma. Having had her own personal journey as a former partner, Mari knows first hand how heartbreaking and emotionally draining it is to be in relationship with a person who is sexually deceptive.

Healing Betrayal will support the partner and spouse as a first steps guide and road map to help them navigate the difficult journey of despair that so many betrayed and hurting spouses face. Score: 4. Perfect for anybody who enjoyed Bad Blood and Dirty John. While leading a double life sounds like the stomping ground of psychopaths, moles, and covert agents with indeterminate dialects, plenty of people who appear 'normal' keep canyon-sized secrets from those in their immediate orbits.

These untold stories lead to enormous surprises, often unpleasant ones. Duped is an investigation of compulsive liars - and how they fool their loved ones - drawing on Abby Ellin's personal experience. From the day Abby went on her first date with The Commander, she was caught up in a whirlwind. Within five months he'd proposed, and they'd moved in together. But there were red flags: strange stories of international espionage, involving Osama bin Laden and the Pentagon.

Soon his stories began to unravel until she discovered, far later than she'd have liked, that he was a complete and utter fraud. When Ellin wrote about her experience in Psychology Today, the responses were unlike anything she'd experienced as a journalist. Legions of people wrote in with similar stories, of otherwise sharp-witted and self-aware people being taken in by ludicrous scams.

Why was it so hard to spot these outlandish stories? Why were so many of the perpetrators male, and so many of the victims female? Was there something universal at play here? In Duped, New York Times journalist Abby Ellin explores the secret lives of compulsive liars, and the tragedy of those who trust them - who have experienced severe, prolonged betrayal - and the terrible impact on their sense of reality and their ability to trust ever again.

Studying the art and science of lying, talking to victims who've had their worlds turned upside. But God's grace intervened, and O'Farrell embarked on a journey of healing. In "Endless Waves: A Story of Grace, " she shares her life story and reveals the details of her struggles.